Hydraulic nozzle.



'UNITED sTATEsPATENr OFFICE.

WILLIAM M. WHITE, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

HYDRAULIC NOZZLE.

plants, mining and analogous arts.

An object ofthe invention is to provide a hydraulic nozzle which issimple in construction and eiicient in operation and in which the meansfor-changing the direction and the size of the jet. are confined withina stationary nozzle casing.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for balancing thepressures on movable parts within .the nozzle and especially thepressure acting in line with the casing openings and parallel thereto,thereby reducing to a minimum the wear and the -power required to shiftthe movable parts.

Still another object of the invention is to provide connections operablethrough one of a pair of alined openings in the casing, for manipulatingthe jet discharged from the nozzle through one of the openings.

Some of the primary features of the nozzle disclosed in this applicationare claimed broadly in application Serial No.700,541, filed May 27,1912.

A clear conception of several embodiments ofthe invention may behad byreferring 'to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of thisspecification in whichlike reference characters designate thesame orsimilar parts in the various views.

Figure 1 is a central vertical. section through 'a' nozzle and a portion`of the supply pipe leading thereto. Fig. 2 is a transverse verticalsection through the nozzle disclosed to Y tionfthrough the nozzledisclosed in Fig. 3, the section being 4taken along -the line 5, :arrowF1g5 is a central vertical secal Fig. 1, the'` section Abeingtakenjalong the line II-K-II a 1 looking inthel direction 'ofthe'arrf'rWf'v ig. 3 is'a central vertical `section through a modified formof nozzle.

and, aportion of fthe supply pipe 'leading thereto, Fig.- 4 isa-transverse vertical sec- IV-l-IVfof Fig. 3 looking in the direction ofSpecification of Letters Patent.

tion through a modified form of nozzle and a portion of the supply pipeleading thereto. Fig. 6 is a transverse vertical section through thenozzle disclosed in Fig. 5, the section being. taken along the lineVI-VI of Fig. 5 looking in the direction of the arrow.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the stationary nozzle casing consistsessentially 'of a body portion 4, a front cap 19 and a rear cap 18. Thefront and rear caps 19,'18,'are provided with alined front and rearcasing'openings respectively, which are substantially equal incross-sectional area, and throughV the former of which the jetdischarged from the nozzle is projected. The fluid supply pipe PatentedJ une 20, 1916.

Application led March 12, 1913. Serial No. 754,124.

8, which .normally contains fluid, usually water, under pressure,connects `with the body portion 4 of the nozzle casing. Thel portion ofthe hood ,2. The front cap 20 of the hood 2'is provided with a suitablydirected'oriice wlfeh connects with the front casing opening a..dthrough which the jet leaving the nozzle is projected. The fluid fromthe supply pipe 8 enters the interior of the hood 2 through a suitablydirected pas` sage leading intothe hood 2 adjacent the supply pipe 8. Ameans for controlling the s1ze or cross-section of the `jet deliveredwhich lvaries the effective area ofthe jet ori-'f' from the nozzle isprovided in the form of The cap 2O ofthe hood 2 is rovided with a curvedsurface 9 generated a out the comf mon axis of the pins 3 as a centerline. The

surface 9,L4ofthe cap 20'coacts with a similarly Aformedjsurface'ofthecasing cap 19,

-the joint between the coa'cting caps 19, 20, "being packed by means ofa suitablel packing 11. Y They flange 42at thewrearend of .the hood 2 isprovided with a curvedsurface i 10 also generated about the-common axisof f comprises only front and rear portions con-l nected rigidlytogether,these portions having surfaces coacting respectively with thevfront and rear openingsin the casing. The

interior of the stationary nozzle casing is constantly' in communicationWith pressure from vthe supply pipe 8, thus permitting pressure to actupon the inner surfaces ofthe packings 11, 12, to hold them firmly inplace. 4

The rearwardly extending sleeve 71 i formed .on the hood 2 passesthrough the rear-casing opening and provides a suitable bearing for thestemy of the needle 1. At

ythe point of emerging of the needle stem from Within the sleeve 71, asuitable stufling i boX.,13-`isv provided. The collar 7 is adjustablysecured to thesleeve 71 and has hori- -`zntally projecting pins whichare "conv nected with a `suitable jet deflecting mecha- -nism by meansvof, the connecting rods 5. Thejet deflecting mechanismfor actuating ithe hood 2"-through the connections, com- .j prising therod 5, collar 7and sleeve 71,v

may be of any of the Well known forms, one

. of which is illustrated in my prior applicaj ftio above referred'v to.The yoke 14 is supported directly upon the sleeve 71 and has 4 an endhub Within .which the screw-threaded bushing 15y is pjourn'aled.` Thehand-Wheel 17 is clamped to the bushing 15 by means of a locking nut'116. The hand-Wheel `17, nut 1,6 and bushing 15 are rotatable as aviiit',Within the hub of the yoke 14, but are locked Y the yoke 14. Thescrew-threaded end of the stem-of the needle 1 coacts with thescrewthreaded interior-of the bushing l5 so that,I upon rotation"of thevhand-Wheel "17,1the \needl,e 1 is shifted longitudinally Within the fjetorifice.

aga-inst ylongitudinal movement relative to In'the'modified form of.nozzle disclosed in'Figs. 3 ,and 41 the 'stationary nozzle casingconsists essentialy of a body portion 24 and a -front cap 219. The frontcap 219 and j the rear end of theportion`2fl of the casing/ are provided'with alinedL front and rear` openings respectively which are ofsubstantially equal cross-sect1onal area. As disclosed, the rearcasingopening 1sl c1rcular y'having a'diameter substantiallyequal to that 91of a spherical `member 210, While thefront f l casing opening iselliptical in form', having r a Width somewhat greater than the vmaximumdiametery of thek jet,y and having a.

`length sufficiently great-to permit the desired'jet deflection. Thefluid supply pipe 28 connects.` with and conducts `fluid-,into theinterior ofthe casing portion 24, Access to the "interior ofthestationary casing is permitted by removal yof the' cap 219.

The movable hood 22 yis shiftably mountedjwithin a stationary casing bymeans of the 'spherical member 210 supportedv in a bearing 218 formed inthe casing portion 24. The front cap 230 of the hood 22 is provided-With a suitably directed orifice Which 'con-.

nects With the front casing openingv and through which the jet projectedfrom the nozzle passes. 'The fluid from the `supply pipe 28`entersthehood-22 throughasuit-J able opening in the lower side thereof. The

adjustable'needle 21 which is movable `lonvgitudinally Within the hoodorifice, controls the effective area of the passage throughthe jetorifice. j 1

The cap 230 of the hood 22 is provided with alcurved surface 29generated aboutthe axis of vswing'of tht` hood 22 asa center line. Theyadjacent surfaces ofthe cap 219 are similarly formed andcoact with thesurface 29 of the cap 230. The joint atthe coaction of the. caps 219230-is packed by means of suitable packing 211. 4The sleeve `72formed onthe hood 22 passes through the spherical member 210 andprovidesaibearing for the stemof the ,needlel21l The stuffing box 213prevents leakage from within the casing to -the atmosphere past the'needle stem. The yoke 27 is rigidly secured to the sleeve 72 and hastwok forwardly projecting arms which takeover the bearing pins 23. Theyoke-27 clamps the spherical member 210.7againstk a shoulder on the hood22. The common axis of the pins 23 passes rthrough the center of thespherical'member- 21() and prevents shifting'of vthe hood 22 in anyplane other than Aa vertical plane. `The yoke 2,111 is securedy t0 thesleeve 72 and has an end hubwithin Which the screwthreaded bushing 215is journaled. The jet v deflecting mechanism connects-with pins 26formed on the .yoke hubby means of suitable Vconnections 25. f Thehand-.Wheel 217 iS clamped to the bushing 215 bymeans of a lock nut'216.The hand-Wheel 217, nut 216 .and bushing 215 are rotatable asa unitwithin the hub ofthe yoke 214jbut are locked against longitudinalmovement rela-l tive to the yoke 214. 1 The'end ofthe stem of the needle21 has screw-thread connection with the bushing 215 so that rotation ofthe hand-wheel 217 will 'shift' theA needle longitudinally to vary theeffective area of the jet orifice. 1 In the `modified form ofnozzledis'closed in Figs. 5 and 6, the stationary nozzle casing`consists essentially of abody yportion 34 and a front cap 319.Thfe--cap 319 and rear end of thejportion 34 daregprovided withV lalinedfrontA and rear lcasing openings re` .pipe 3 8 enters nally within thespectively which are of substantially equal cross-sectional area.The'fluid supply pipe 38V connects with and conducts fluid into thecasing portion 34. Accessibility to the interior of the' stationary'casing' is permittedv by removal of the cap@ 319 which, as disclosed, isformed in two parts.4

The movable hoodl is shiftably mounted :within the stationary casing bymeans of fpins 33 which project horizontally from thel front portion 320of the hood .32 and are v` is provided with curved surfaces 39 gen1erated about the commonfaxis of the pins 33 as a centen lin",A Theadjacent surfaces of the cap' 319 a `similarly formed to coact withthesurfaces 39 lof the hood 32. The -joint at the'coaction of the' cap319 with the hood 32 is suitably packed by means of packing311. Theflange 342 at the rear end of the hood 32.*is provided with a curvedVsurface 3107 also generatedabout the common axis of the pins 33 asacenterline. The surface 310 of the -flange 342 coacts with asimilarlyformed surface of the casing portion 34, the joint at the coaction ofthese surfaces being provided with suitable packing 312. The interiorsurfaces of the packings 311, 312, are constantly in communication withpressure from the supply pipe 38.l

The rearwardly projecting sleeve 73 formed on the hood 32 passes throughthe rear casing opening and provides a. suitable bearing for the stem ofthe needle 31. The

`joint between the sleeve 73 and the needle stem is packed by means of astuing box l 56 313.A The collar 37 is adjustably secured to thel sleeve73 and has horizontally projectingipins 36 connected with a suitabledeflect- 'ing mechanism by means of connecting rods 35. The yoke 314 ismounted on the sleeve 56 '73 and has an end' hub within which thescrew-threaded bushing 315 is journaled.

The/'hand-wheel 317 is clamped to the bushing 315 by means of thelocknut 316. lhe' hand-wheel 317, lock nut 316 and bushing 315 arerotatable as a unit within the yoke hub and are locked againstlongitudinal movement relative to the yoke '314. The

bushing 315 has a screw-thread coaction with the stem of the needle 31so that rota-V tion of the hand-wheelshifts the needle to-l vary theeffective' jet orifice.

`pins 3,

During the operation of the nozzle, if it is desired to vary the size orcross-sectional area of the jet, this may be done by turning thehand-wheel 17, 217, 317, in the proper direction, thus shifting theneedle 1, 21, 31, longitudinally within the jet orifice. By

bringing the needle 1, 21, 31, forward until the needle bulb ,coactswith the edges of the jet orifice, the jet may be cut olf entirely. Ifit is desired to change the direction of the jet, this may be done byraising or lowering the connection 5, 25, 35, thereby causing the hood2, 22,v 32, to swing about the axis ofthe pins 3, 23, 33, and causingthe needle 1, 21, 31, to assume a new angular position.

' For convenience of illustration. the pivot 23, 33, have been disclosedas actual pivots positioned within the li1nits-of the,

stationary nozzle casing, but it is not intended to confine the scope ofthis invention to the location of these pivots within definite limits.'The connections for shifting the movable means to change the directionof the jet, 'have also been disclosed as operable through only one ofthe casing openings and specifically through the rear casing opening,such disclosurehaving been selected merely as one of the specific formsof em# bodiment of the invention.

If the casing 4 were entirely inclosed, all

pletely pressure balanced, except for the buoyant force acting thereon.In order to permit discharge of the jet from the casing, it is necessaryto provide the front casing opening. In order to permit variation in thedirection and size of the jet, it is necessary to provide as elementsinclosed within the casing 4, the delectable hood and the needle forcontrolling `the jet orifice of thev hood. By bringing the hood withits. jet

" orifice closed, into engagement with the casing so as to cover thefront opening, the pressure acting upon the surfaces of the hood whichare in line with the front casing opening, would force the hoodforwardly in line with the openings. If with the elements thus formedand positioned, the needle were opened to normal operating position, ajet would be delivered from the jet orice, and

the forward pressure'upon the hood would be decreased by. an amountapproximately equal to unit supply pressure times the crosssectionalarea of the jet orifice. This would leave the hood still subjected to aforward pressure equal to the pressure acting upon an area equalpressure` acting 'upon an' area. eq'ual to the cross-section of the jet.j

In order to counterbalance this forward pressure uponl the hood, the,lrea-r casing opening is provided, which is closed by an eX- a to thecasing opening less the tension of the hood. 'lherear casingopen-` I ingis formed of such size that the rearward l pressures 'acting uponthexsurfaces of the 180 95 velements located within it would be comuhoodand in line with the casing openings,--.

erable through one of said openingsv for aceXactly balance theunbalanced forward pressure upon the hood.

1 1 As the area of cross-sectionv of the jet isA lrelativelysmall, thefront and rear casing openingsmay be defined as beingsubstantiallyequal. As the ,pressures acting upon the nozzle hood indirections transverse to *the line of the casing openings areautoniatically balanced, the only pressures Which y are balanced by theformation of the front i and rear openings of proper relative size, are'the components of pressures vacting upon such surfaces of the hoodwhich are trans- .,verse'to and inline with the casing openin-gs. Thiscomplete balancing of the pressure's upon the hood permits shifting ofthe hood with the expenditure of ,minimum power and also eliminatesundesirable shifting of the hood due to unbalanced ypressure actingthereon.' l

=.It should be understood that it is not desired to be limited to theeXact`details of construction shcwn and'described, for obviousmodifications Willoccur to a person skilledvin `the art.

It it claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent,- f

1. In a nozzle, a stationary casing having front and rear alinedopenings, a fluid sup-y 'ply pipe connected to said. casingymovableyineans within said casing, nieaiis for con- .trolling the size of thejet discharged from vsaid casing through said front opening, and

connections operable through one of said openings Vto shift said movablemeanswhere- Lby tliedii'ection ofthe jet is changed.

2. In a nozzle, a stationary casing having front and rear alinedopenings, a Huid sup- 4ply pipe connected to said casing, movable meanswithin said casing and having a pas- .sageformed thcrethrough continuouswith said frontvopening, means for Acontrolling the sizefof saidpassage,l and connections operablethrough one of said-openings to shiftsaid movable means whereby the dir ection of the jet discharged fromsaid pasi sa-ge is changed.

3. In a nozzle, a'casing having front and rear alined openings, a supplypipe connected to saidcasing, means Within said casing for changing thedirection of the jet discharged from said casing through said frontopening, and connections o erable through one of said openings to shi tSaidjet direction-changing means. v j

4.' In a nozzle, a easing having front and rear'aline'd openings, asupply pipe connected to saidcasing ata point intermediate saidopenings, means within said'casing for changing the direction of the jetdischarged from said casing through said front opening, means withinsaid casing for controlling the size of the jet, and connectionsoptuating said jet size-clianging means.

5. In a nozzle, a casinghavingyfront and rear alined openings, means forsupplying fluid under pressure tovsaid casing, means within said casingfor changing'both the direction and size of the jet discharged from saidcasing, throu h said front opening, and

connections opera le through one of said 1 openings to actuate saidsize' changing means.' 6. In nozzle, a casing having adisjet-directionand charge opening, a supply pipe communicat- 1 'ed tosaid casing, means for changingl the direction of the jet leaving. saidcasing through said front opening, and means coacting with said rearopening-and providing a counterbalancing pressure ,on saidjetdirection-changing means in .linewith said casing openings, 1

8. In a nozzle, a casing having front and rear alined openings, a supplypipe connectedito said casing, a hood for changing the direction of thejet leaving said casing through said front opening, connections operablethrough one of said openings formovinteriorof said casing,A andv ingsaid hood, and ineans,for/substantially balancing the pressures oiiopposite ends of said hood. j y

9. In a nozzle, a casing having a front opening for discharge of a jet,anda jetdirection-changing means within said c'asing, 'said casing'having a rear openin'grfor coaction with said means, for permittingmanipulation Aof said means and for balancing saine in line with saidcasing openings,`

10. rIn a nozzle, a casing having frontend `roar openings ofsubstantially equal crosssectional arca, and. pressure balancedjetdiiectioii-clianging means within said casing' `extending betweensaid openings.

1l.' In a nozzle, a casing having front and rear alined openings ofsubstantially equalcross-sectional area, and pressure balancedjet-direction-changing means Awithin said casing movable transversely tothe line of said openings. 1

In testimony whereof, the signature ofthe inventor iS-aliixed heretointhe presence of two witnesses.

. WILLIAM M. WHITE.- Witnesses:

'Gn-F. DE WEIN, yW. H. LIEBER'.

